Family Visa Routes

Welcome to the Home Office visa routes that covers work, business, study and visit visas plus, naturalisation and becoming British.

Apply for 30 minutes free consultation

Visa Routes

Welcome to the Home Office visa routes that covers work, business, study and visit visas plus, naturalisation and becoming British.

Apply for 30 minutes free consultation

Visa Routes

Welcome to the Home Office visa routes that covers work, business, study and visit visas plus, naturalisation and becoming British.


Which family visa category is right for you?



Partner or Spouse visa


This visa route allows overseas family members to enter or remain in the UK and remain with their partner.


If you have a partner in the UK (excluding points-based system), you may be eligible under this visa route.


Check out below the useful tabs to help you understand this visa route.

  • Eligibility for this visa

    To apply under this visa route, you need to be the spouse or partner of either:

    • British or Irish citizen
    • Have settled in the UK such as having indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence.
    • Be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status and they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021.
    • Have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • Have protection status (leave to remain as a refugee, or permission to stay as a refugee or a person with humanitarian protection).

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    • Married - you are in a civil partnership or marriage that’s recognised in the UK or
    • Unmarried partner - you have been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply.
    • You are a fiancé, fiancée or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving.

    Note: You and your partner must be aged 18 or over and must be 18 when the visa application is submitted.


    To learn more about this visa route click here.

  • English

    You can meet the English requirements in the following ways:

    • Passport holder from Antigua and Barbuda | Australia | the Bahamas | Barbados | Belize | the British overseas territories | Canada | Dominica | Grenada | Guyana | Jamaica | Malta | New Zealand | St Kitts and Nevis | St Lucia | St Vincent and the Grenadines | Trinidad and Tobago or USA, or
    • Provide an A1 English certificate that is on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale to enter or switch into this visa route or
    • You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.
    • UK university or college qualification - you only need your degree certificate.
    • Degree taught overseas, you will need an Ecctis report formerly known as UK Naric, or
    • If you are outside of the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT | Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | PSI Services (UK) Ltd, or
    • If you are in the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | Trinity College London.

    Booking an English test

    If yuo need to book an English test, you need to understand the rules and potential opportunity to save some money.


    When creating an online account ensure you book the right test:

    • Pearson: ‘PTE Academic UKVI’ or ‘PTE Home’
    • PSI Services: ‘Skills for English UKVI’
    • Trinity College London: ‘Secure English Language Tests for UKVI’ – Integrated Skills in English (ISE) or Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE)
    • IELTS SELT Consortium: ‘IELTS for UKVI’ or ‘IELTS Life Skills’
    • LanguageCert: ‘LanguageCert International ESOL SELT’

    To learn more about English levels, check out the English table.

  • Visa period

    How long you can stay in the UK will depend on the length of your course and what studies you will do once in the UK. The licensed sponsor will confirm your course details in your CAS and this will govern your visa permission to enter or remain in the UK.

  • Extend this visa

    Yes, you can extend your student if you meet the eligibility requirements.


    How long you can remain in the UK will depend on the length of your course.


    Note: If you in the UK as a child student and you turn 18 years of age and then need to extend your UK studies, you must aply under the Student route for adults.

  • Switch to this visa

    You are permitted to switch to this visa type if you hold a valid UK visa and yuo are aged between 4-17 years of age when you submit your child student Leave to Remain visa application.


    If you hold one of these visa types, you cannot switch within the UK on:

    • A visit visa
    • A short-term student visa
    • Leave outside the immigration rules.
  • Visa conditions

    You can do the following if aged 16 and over:

    • Work part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • Work full-time during vacations
    • Work on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course).
    • Travel abroad and return to the UK.

    You cannot:

    • Study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • Take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • Work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • Apply for settlement
    • Bring family members (‘dependants’) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they will need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa.
    • Apply for public funds.
  • Immigration rules

    Below are the areas where immigration rules apply to this visa type. You have:

    • Validity requirements for a Child Student
    • Suitability requirements for a Child Student
    • Eligibility requirements for a Child Student
    • Decision for a Child Student
    • Period and conditions of grant for a Child Student
    • Work Conditions for a Child Student
    • Study Conditions for a Child Student.

    To explore these rules click here.

  • Visa guidance

    To read the generic guidance for short-term visas click here.

  • Caseworker Guidance

    To read the casworker visa guidance click here.



Parent visa


This visa route allows overseas family members to enter or remain in the UK and remain with their partner.


If you have a partner in the UK (excluding points-based system), you may be eligible under this visa route.


Check out below the useful tabs to help you understand this visa route.


  • Eligibility for this visa

    To apply under this visa route, your child must be in the UK and you care for the child or children in the UK.


    The child must be:

    • Under 18 when the visa application is submitted.
    • Child aged under 18  when you first applied under this visa route if you are submitting a visa extyension.
    • The child cannot be living an independentl life such as left home, married or started a family.
    • The child must be in the UK and is British or they have settled under Indefinite Leave to Remain or Proof or permanent residency.
    • You are from Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status and can prove you lived in the UK before the UK left the EU before 1 January 2021.
    • If you are applying in the UK, the child must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave the UK.

    To learn more about this visa route click here.

  • Parental responsibility


  • English

    You can meet the English requirements in the following ways:

    • Passport holder from Antigua and Barbuda | Australia | the Bahamas | Barbados | Belize | the British overseas territories | Canada | Dominica | Grenada | Guyana | Jamaica | Malta | New Zealand | St Kitts and Nevis | St Lucia | St Vincent and the Grenadines | Trinidad and Tobago or USA, or
    • Provide an A1 English certificate that is on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale to enter or switch into this visa route or
    • You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.
    • UK university or college qualification - you only need your degree certificate.
    • Degree taught overseas, you will need an Ecctis report formerly known as UK Naric, or
    • If you are outside of the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT | Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | PSI Services (UK) Ltd, or
    • If you are in the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | Trinity College London.

    Booking an English test

    If yuo need to book an English test, you need to understand the rules and potential opportunity to save some money.


    When creating an online account ensure you book the right test:

    • Pearson: ‘PTE Academic UKVI’ or ‘PTE Home’
    • PSI Services: ‘Skills for English UKVI’
    • Trinity College London: ‘Secure English Language Tests for UKVI’ – Integrated Skills in English (ISE) or Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE)
    • IELTS SELT Consortium: ‘IELTS for UKVI’ or ‘IELTS Life Skills’
    • LanguageCert: ‘LanguageCert International ESOL SELT’

    To learn more about English levels, check out the English table.

  • Visa period

    How long you can stay in the UK will depend on the length of your course and what studies you will do once in the UK. The licensed sponsor will confirm your course details in your CAS and this will govern your visa permission to enter or remain in the UK.

  • Extend this visa

    Yes, you can extend your student if you meet the eligibility requirements.


    How long you can remain in the UK will depend on the length of your course.


    Note: If you in the UK as a child student and you turn 18 years of age and then need to extend your UK studies, you must aply under the Student route for adults.

  • Switch to this visa

    You are permitted to switch to this visa type if you hold a valid UK visa and yuo are aged between 4-17 years of age when you submit your child student Leave to Remain visa application.


    If you hold one of these visa types, you cannot switch within the UK on:

    • A visit visa
    • A short-term student visa
    • Leave outside the immigration rules.
  • Visa conditions

    You can do the following if aged 16 and over:

    • Work part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • Work full-time during vacations
    • Work on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course).
    • Travel abroad and return to the UK.

    You cannot:

    • Study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • Take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • Work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • Apply for settlement
    • Bring family members (‘dependants’) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they will need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa.
    • Apply for public funds.
  • Immigration rules

    Below are the areas where immigration rules apply to this visa type. You have:

    • Validity requirements for a Child Student
    • Suitability requirements for a Child Student
    • Eligibility requirements for a Child Student
    • Decision for a Child Student
    • Period and conditions of grant for a Child Student
    • Work Conditions for a Child Student
    • Study Conditions for a Child Student.

    To explore these rules click here.

  • Visa guidance

    To read the generic guidance for short-term visas click here.

  • Caseworker Guidance

    To read the casworker visa guidance click here.



Child visa


This visa route allows overseas nationals who are 18 years or older to study in the UK.


You can only extend your visa and add your family members


Check out below the useful tabs to help you understand this visa route.

  • Eligibility for this visa

    To apply under this visa route, you need to be the partner of either:

    • British or Irish citizen
    • Have settled in the UK such as having indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence.
    • Be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status and they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021.
    • Have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • Have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK.

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    • Married - you are in a civil partnership or marriage that’s recognised in the UK or
    • Unmarried partner - you have been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply.
    • You are a fiancé, fiancée or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving.

    Note: You and your partner must be aged 18 or over and yuo must be 18 when you submit your visa application.


    To learn more about this visa route click here.

  • English

    You can meet the English requirements in the following ways:

    • Passport holder from Antigua and Barbuda | Australia | the Bahamas | Barbados | Belize | the British overseas territories | Canada | Dominica | Grenada | Guyana | Jamaica | Malta | New Zealand | St Kitts and Nevis | St Lucia | St Vincent and the Grenadines | Trinidad and Tobago or USA, or
    • Provide an A1 English certificate that is on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale to enter or switch into this visa route or
    • You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.
    • UK university or college qualification - you only need your degree certificate.
    • Degree taught overseas, you will need an Ecctis report formerly known as UK Naric, or
    • If you are outside of the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT | Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | PSI Services (UK) Ltd, or
    • If you are in the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | Trinity College London.

    Booking an English test

    If yuo need to book an English test, you need to understand the rules and potential opportunity to save some money.


    When creating an online account ensure you book the right test:

    • Pearson: ‘PTE Academic UKVI’ or ‘PTE Home’
    • PSI Services: ‘Skills for English UKVI’
    • Trinity College London: ‘Secure English Language Tests for UKVI’ – Integrated Skills in English (ISE) or Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE)
    • IELTS SELT Consortium: ‘IELTS for UKVI’ or ‘IELTS Life Skills’
    • LanguageCert: ‘LanguageCert International ESOL SELT’

    To learn more about English levels, check out the English table.

  • Visa period

    How long you can stay in the UK will depend on the length of your course and what studies you will do once in the UK. The licensed sponsor will confirm your course details in your CAS and this will govern your visa permission to enter or remain in the UK.

  • Extend this visa

    Yes, you can extend your student if you meet the eligibility requirements.


    How long you can remain in the UK will depend on the length of your course.


    Note: If you in the UK as a child student and you turn 18 years of age and then need to extend your UK studies, you must aply under the Student route for adults.

  • Switch to this visa

    You are permitted to switch to this visa type if you hold a valid UK visa and yuo are aged between 4-17 years of age when you submit your child student Leave to Remain visa application.


    If you hold one of these visa types, you cannot switch within the UK on:

    • A visit visa
    • A short-term student visa
    • Leave outside the immigration rules.
  • Visa conditions

    You can do the following if aged 16 and over:

    • Work part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • Work full-time during vacations
    • Work on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course).
    • Travel abroad and return to the UK.

    You cannot:

    • Study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • Take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • Work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • Apply for settlement
    • Bring family members (‘dependants’) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they will need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa.
    • Apply for public funds.
  • Immigration rules

    Below are the areas where immigration rules apply to this visa type. You have:

    • Validity requirements for a Child Student
    • Suitability requirements for a Child Student
    • Eligibility requirements for a Child Student
    • Decision for a Child Student
    • Period and conditions of grant for a Child Student
    • Work Conditions for a Child Student
    • Study Conditions for a Child Student.

    To explore these rules click here.

  • Visa guidance

    To read the generic guidance for short-term visas click here.

  • Caseworker Guidance

    To read the casworker visa guidance click here.



Adult to be cared for visa


This visa route allows overseas nationals who are 18 years or older to study in the UK.


You can only extend your visa and add your family members


Check out below the useful tabs to help you understand this visa route.

  • Eligibility for this visa

    To apply under this visa route, you need to be the partner of either:

    • British or Irish citizen
    • Have settled in the UK such as having indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence.
    • Be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status and they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021.
    • Have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • Have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK.

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    • Married - you are in a civil partnership or marriage that’s recognised in the UK or
    • Unmarried partner - you have been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply.
    • You are a fiancé, fiancée or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving.

    Note: You and your partner must be aged 18 or over and yuo must be 18 when you submit your visa application.


    To learn more about this visa route click here.

  • English

    You can meet the English requirements in the following ways:

    • Passport holder from Antigua and Barbuda | Australia | the Bahamas | Barbados | Belize | the British overseas territories | Canada | Dominica | Grenada | Guyana | Jamaica | Malta | New Zealand | St Kitts and Nevis | St Lucia | St Vincent and the Grenadines | Trinidad and Tobago or USA, or
    • Provide an A1 English certificate that is on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale to enter or switch into this visa route or
    • You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.
    • UK university or college qualification - you only need your degree certificate.
    • Degree taught overseas, you will need an Ecctis report formerly known as UK Naric, or
    • If you are outside of the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT | Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | PSI Services (UK) Ltd, or
    • If you are in the UK - English test from either IELTS SELT Consortium | LanguageCert | Pearson | Trinity College London.

    Booking an English test

    If yuo need to book an English test, you need to understand the rules and potential opportunity to save some money.


    When creating an online account ensure you book the right test:

    • Pearson: ‘PTE Academic UKVI’ or ‘PTE Home’
    • PSI Services: ‘Skills for English UKVI’
    • Trinity College London: ‘Secure English Language Tests for UKVI’ – Integrated Skills in English (ISE) or Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE)
    • IELTS SELT Consortium: ‘IELTS for UKVI’ or ‘IELTS Life Skills’
    • LanguageCert: ‘LanguageCert International ESOL SELT’

    To learn more about English levels, check out the English table.

  • Visa period

    How long you can stay in the UK will depend on the length of your course and what studies you will do once in the UK. The licensed sponsor will confirm your course details in your CAS and this will govern your visa permission to enter or remain in the UK.

  • Extend this visa

    Yes, you can extend your student if you meet the eligibility requirements.


    How long you can remain in the UK will depend on the length of your course.


    Note: If you in the UK as a child student and you turn 18 years of age and then need to extend your UK studies, you must aply under the Student route for adults.

  • Switch to this visa

    You are permitted to switch to this visa type if you hold a valid UK visa and yuo are aged between 4-17 years of age when you submit your child student Leave to Remain visa application.


    If you hold one of these visa types, you cannot switch within the UK on:

    • A visit visa
    • A short-term student visa
    • Leave outside the immigration rules.
  • Visa conditions

    You can do the following if aged 16 and over:

    • Work part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • Work full-time during vacations
    • Work on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course).
    • Travel abroad and return to the UK.

    You cannot:

    • Study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • Take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • Work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • Apply for settlement
    • Bring family members (‘dependants’) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they will need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa.
    • Apply for public funds.
  • Immigration rules

    Below are the areas where immigration rules apply to this visa type. You have:

    • Validity requirements for a Child Student
    • Suitability requirements for a Child Student
    • Eligibility requirements for a Child Student
    • Decision for a Child Student
    • Period and conditions of grant for a Child Student
    • Work Conditions for a Child Student
    • Study Conditions for a Child Student.

    To explore these rules click here.

  • Visa guidance

    To read the generic guidance for short-term visas click here.

  • Caseworker Guidance

    To read the casworker visa guidance click here.


Sponsors Licence Key Links

Employers Introduction Apply for a sponsor licence UK points-based system Recruitment immigration rules PBS equality impact assessment New immigration system Skilled Worker occupations codes Archived SOC codes Shortage Occupations list Holding a sponsor license Part 1: Apply for a licence Part 2: Sponsor a worker Part 3: Sponsor duties & compliance

Popular Worker Visa Routes

Skilled worker visa Healthcare and Care Worker visa Senior or Specialist Worker visa Minister of Religion visa (T2) International Sportsperson visa Charity Worker visa Religious Worker visa Youth Mobility Scheme visa Graduate visa Innovator visa Nationals needing a visa

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Home Office Official Documents

Employers PBS introduction Future Immigration 2021 Employers Introduction PBS Immigration System PBS Employer Factsheet PBS Employer Partner Pack Immigration Rules Changes Becoming a licenced sponsor Sponsor licence Priority form

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Sponsor a Skilled worker Sponsor a Health and Care worker Sponsor a Senior or Specialist Worker Sponsor a MoR or Religious worker Sponsor an International Sportsperson Sponsor a Charity worker Sponsor a Secondment Worker

Sponsor Licence Policies

Guide 1: Introduction to the SMS Guide 2: Manage sponsor licence Guide 3: SMS applications & renewals Guide 8: SMS Assigning a CoS Guide 8a: SMS creating a CoS Guide 9: Reporting worker activity Guide 10: Misc CoS functions Guide 11: Creative Worker CoS Guide 12: Defined CoS: SMS Appendix A: Supporting documents Appendix B: Immigration offences Appendix C: Civil penalties & sponsorship Appendix D: Records for sponsorship Priority change of circumstances PBS sponsor compliance visits Immigration rules updates

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